If you need to ask, "Do I need ArcGIS Full?", the answer is likely unless you are: (a) a dedicated GIS analyst performing advanced modeling daily, (b) a database administrator managing an enterprise geodatabase, or (c) an organization required to deliver production-quality maps and data with rigorous quality control. For everyone else, a Standard license, ArcGIS Online, or even open-source alternatives (QGIS) will be more practical and cost-effective.