Sample Questions Set 1 — Msoc

– Hawthorne effect: People modify behavior when they know they are being observed (original studies: Western Electric plant).

The “Hawthorne Effect” describes: a) Workers slowing down when watched b) Productivity changes due to observation/attention c) Managerial resistance to change d) Groupthink in committees

Formal : prescribed by hierarchy (e.g., manager’s email to team). Informal : grapevine, social chats (e.g., lunch conversation about a new policy).

Your team is experiencing social loafing on a group project. Propose two specific communication-based interventions to reduce it. msoc sample questions set 1

What is confirmation bias , and how can it negatively affect decision-making in a management team? Section C: Mini Case Study 9. Case : A non-profit organization has high turnover among junior staff. Exit interviews show people feel “unheard” and that upward communication is blocked. Managers say they have an open-door policy.

– Triangulation = using multiple methods to cross-validate findings.

Barriers: Fear of retaliation, lack of psychological safety, managers’ defensive listening. b) Structural: Anonymous feedback system or monthly skip-level meetings. Process: Train managers in active listening & close the loop (respond to every submission). – Hawthorne effect: People modify behavior when they

In organizational culture, “artifacts” include: a) Core values b) Unconscious assumptions c) Office layout and dress code d) Mission statement text Section B: Short Answer (Application) 6. Explain the difference between formal and informal communication channels. Give one example of each in a workplace.

A researcher uses both surveys and in-depth interviews. This is an example of: a) Longitudinal design b) Triangulation c) Cross-sectional study d) Experimental control

– Artifacts are visible, tangible elements of culture (dress, layout, rituals). Values and assumptions are deeper levels. Your team is experiencing social loafing on a group project

– Highly centralized functional structures often create silos because each department communicates upward but not laterally.

Which organizational structure is most likely to create information silos? a) Matrix b) Flat c) Highly centralized functional d) Network